ABSTRACT
Literature shows that surgical procedure could be necessary at any stage of pregnancy and can cause adverse effects on the mother and fetus. One of the most used anesthetics in surgical centers is propofol however; the safety during pregnancy has not been completely established. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible toxic and teratogenic effects on the intrauterine and post-natal development of mice exposed to the dose of 15 mg kg- 1 propofol on the caudal vein fifth, tenth and fifteenth day of gestation. A significant reduction in weight gain was observed in female mice who received a 15 mg kg-1 dose of propofol on the fifth gestational day. A higher rate of embryonic loss post implantation and resorption was also observed in this group. In regards to physical development, the anesthetic increased significantly the offspring weight gain, the time in which pinna detachment occurred, and the anogenital distance of pups whose females received propofol on the fifteenth day of gestation. Based on these results, we concluded that administration of propofol in the beginning stages of gestation increases the number of abortions and promotes alterations in the physical development of pups whose mothers were anesthetized in the final stages of gestation.
A literatura mostra que o procedimento cirúrgico pode ser necessário em qualquer fase da gravidez podendo causar efeitos adversos sobre a mãe e o feto. Um dos anestésicos mais utilizados nos centros cirúrgicos é o propofol, no entanto, a sua segurança durante a gravidez não foi completamente estabelecida. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os possíveis efeitos tóxicos e teratogênicos no desenvolvimento intrauterino e pós-natal de camundongos expostos à dose de 15 mg kg-1 de propofol no quinto, décimo e décimo quinto dia de gestação. Observou-se uma redução significativa no ganho de peso em camundongos fêmeas que receberam uma dose de 15 mg kg-1 de propofol no quinto dia de gestação. Uma taxa maior de perda embrionária pós-implantação e reabsorção também foi observada neste grupo. Em relação ao desenvolvimento físico, o anestésico alterou significativamente o ganho de peso da prole, o tempo em que ocorreu o desprendimento da orelha e a distância anogenital dos filhotes cujas fêmeas receberam propofol no décimo quinto dia de gestação. Com base nesses resultados, concluiu-se que a administração de propofol nos estágios iniciais da gestação aumenta o número de abortos e promove alterações no desenvolvimento físico de filhotes cujas mães foram anestesiadas nos estádios finais da gestação.
Subject(s)
General Surgery , Pregnancy , Propofol , Embryonic DevelopmentABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Alcohol is the most commonly consumed substance in the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of alcoholic beverages on male reproduction and possible alterations in their offspring. The mice were divided into 4 groups: beer, wine, cachaça (a type of sugarcane rum), with ethanol concentrations of 1.9 g/kg, and control group treated with PBS. The treatment period was 35 days. The animals which received cachaça, demonstrated significant weight loss in the testes and epididymis. The alcoholic beverages promoted significant testosterone level and fertilization index diminution, and morphological alterations in the spermatozoa. The beer group presented decreased implantation sites and a high frequency of dominant lethal. The number of reabsorptions in the wine group was increased. The fermented beverages presented higher potential to induce visceral malformations, while the cachaça caused fetal skeletal malformations. The cachaça treated group presented a negative impact on semen quality and fertilization potential. The treatment with different alcoholic beverages, during spermatogenesis, demonstrated contrasting degrees of induction of toxic effects, interfering in a general aspect in male reproductive performance, fetal viability during intrauterine life, and birth defects. From the data, it is possible to infer that the distillated beverage caused more harmful effects to reproduction in this study.